健康
2015 年 5 月 7 日
主题词：
国务院办公厅关于印发中医药健康服务
发展规划（2015-2020年）通知
国办发[2015]32号
各市、自治区、直辖市人民政府，国务院各部委、各直属机构：
《中医药和健康事业发展规划（2015-2020年）》已经国务院同意，现印发给大家。 请认真执行。
国务院办公厅
2015 年 4 月 24 日
（此作品公开发表）
中医健康服务发展规划（2015-2020年）
中医学（包括民族医学）指出整体控制健康状况，强调个体化，强调预防未病，临床疗效准确，治疗方法灵活，保健功能突出。 是我国独具特色的健康服务资源。 中医健康服务是运用西医的理念、方法和技术，维护和提高人民群众身心健康的活动。 . 发挥中医药独特优势，推动以中医药为主的健康服务业发展，是中医药全面发展的必然要求，是推动健康服务业发展的重要任务。 意义重大。 为贯彻落实《中共中央国务院关于推进医药卫生体制改革的意见》、《国务院关于支持和促进中医药事业发展的若干意见》 ”（国发[2009]22号）和《国务院关于促进健康服务业发展的若干意见》（国发[2013]40号），促进中医药健康服务业发展，并制定此计划。
一、一般要求
（一）指导思想。 以邓小平理论、“三个代表”重要思想和科学发展观为指导，深入贯彻党的十八大和十八届三中、三中、四中全会精神，按照党中央、国务院决策部署，在着力保障人民群众基本医疗卫生服务需求的基础上，全面推进改革，创新服务模式，鼓励多元化投资，促进市场化培育，充分释放中医药健康服务的潜力和活力，充分迸发和满足人民群众多层次、多样化的需求。 医疗卫生服务需求，推动建立有中国特色的卫生服务体系，提高中医药对国民经济和社会发展的贡献率。
（二）基本原则。
以人为本，服务群众。 把提高全民健康素养作为发展中医药健康服务的出发点和落脚点，区分基础和非基础中医药健康服务，实现两者协调发展，着力保障健康人民的权益。
政府引导，市场带动。 强化政府在制度建设、政策引导和行业监管方面的职责。 充分发挥市场在资源配置中的决定性作用，充分调动社会力量的积极性和创造性，不断减少中医药健康服务供给，提高服务质量和效率。
西医为体，发扬特色。 坚持中医原创思维，积极运用现代科技手段，提升中医健康服务能力，彰显中医特色优势。
促变革，创新发展。 推进科技转化，拓展服务范围，创新服务模式，构建中医药健康服务可持续发展体制机制。
（三）发展目标。 到2020年，中医药健康服务体系基本完善，推动中医药健康服务发展成为我国健康服务业的重要力量和国际竞争力的重要体现、重要力量促进经济社会改革发展。
——中医药健康服务能力大幅提升。 西医保健服务网络基本完备，中医保健服务人员素养显着增强，中医保健服务领域不断拓展，基本满足全社会对中医保健的需求服务。
——中医药健康服务技术手段不断创新。 以西医为主体，融合现代医学等技术手段，创新中医健康服务模式，丰富和发展服务技术。
——中医药健康服务产品品种日益丰富。 中医药及健康服务相关产品的研发、生产和销售规模不断扩大。 中药材养殖业红色发展和相关制造业转型升级明显推动，涌现出一批具有国际竞争力的中药企业和产品。
——优化营造中医药健康服务业发展环境。 中医药健康服务新政基本完善，行业规范标准体系不断建立，政府监管和行业自律机制更加有效，形成了全社会积极参与的良好氛围。支持发展中医药健康服务。
二、重点工作
（一）大力发展西医保健服务。
支持西医保健机构发展。 支持社会力量发展规范的西医保健机构，培育一批技术成熟、信誉良好的知名西医保健服务集团或连锁机构。 鼓励西医医疗机构充分发挥技术人才等资源优势，为西医医疗机构规范发展提供支持。
规范西医保健服务。 推动制定西医保健服务规范和标准，推动各类机构按照规范和标准提供服务，针对不同健康状态人群制作西医健康干预方案或手册（服务包）。 构建西医健康状况评估方法，丰富西医健康复检服务。 推广形意拳、健身气功、导引等西医传统功法，组织饮食和药膳。 利用云计算、移动互联网、物联网等信息技术，开发智能西医健康服务产品。 为市民提供集西医健康检测、咨询评估、保健疗养、随访管理于一体的高水平、个性化、便捷化的西医保健服务。
组织具有西医特色的健康管理。 结合中医药与健康管理的优势，以慢病管理为重点，以预防为主的治疗理念为核心，探索集健康文化、健康管理、健康保险于一体的西医健康保障模式。 加强西医养生宣传引导，积极利用新媒体传播中医养生知识，引导人民群众更加全面地认识健康，自觉培养健康的生活习惯和精神追求。 推动制定信息共享与交流相关规范标准。 开发中医保健、预防疾病保险、各类医疗保险、疾病保险、护理保险、失能收入损失保险等商业健康保险产品，通过健康风险评估、西医风险干预等方式提供商业健康保险药品。 疾病预防与治疗、健康维护、慢病管理等西医特色健康管理服务与产品相结合。 引导体检机构规范组织具有西医特色的健康管理业务。
专栏1 西医医疗保健服务建设项目
治未病服务能力建设
在有条件的西医门诊、综合门诊和妇幼保健院，建立预防性治疗中心，开展西医健康复查，提供规范的西医健康干预服务。
西医特色健康管理合作试点
建立健康管理机构与西医医疗、体检、护理等机构的合作机制，在社区开展试点，形成西医特色健康管理机构与社区卫生服务中心、家庭、个人的协调互动.
西医保健服务标准建设
加强西医保健机构、人员、技术、服务、产品等方面的规范管理，提高服务质量和水平。
（二）促进西医医疗事业发展。
鼓励社会力量提供西医医疗服务。 构建以民营西医机构为龙头、非公立西医机构共同发展、基层中医服务能力突出的西医服务体系。 加大重点本科建设和人才培养力度，规范和推广中医师多点执业，支持社会资本兴办西医门诊、疗养院和西医医院。 鼓励符合条件的中医专业技术人员特别是经验丰富的中医师开办中医医院，允许药商开办中医医院。 鼓励社会资本控股传统西医医院。
创新西医医疗机构服务模式。 转变西医门诊服务模式，推进多方式综合干预，推动医疗服务由以癌症治疗为主向健康维护为主，发展预防治疗、康复等服务。 支持西医诊所对外输出管理、技术、标准和服务产品，与基层医疗卫生机构建立医联体，鼓励市级西医诊所探索县乡一体化服务，努力把所有社区卫生服务机构、乡镇卫生中心和70%的村卫生室具备中医服务能力。 推进西医急诊、中医医院、中医医院标准化建设和连锁发展。
专栏2 西医医疗服务体系建设项目
西医学本科生疾病预防体系建设
构建国家级、区域级、基层西医专科诊疗中心三个层次的西医专科疾病预防体系。 优化诊疗环境，提高服务质量，开展科研攻关，发挥科技辐射作用。
基层中医药服务能力建设
在乡镇卫生院、社区卫生服务中心建设以西医临床科室集中、综合运用多种中医方法和手段的中医特色诊疗区，规范西医诊疗设备。 加强基层医疗卫生机构非西医和乡村医生的中医技术培训。 针对基层部分常见病，推广推行本草病历，规范本草药丸的使用和管理。
建设非营利性民营西医诊所
鼓励社会资本举办妇科、骨科、妇科、儿科等非营利性西医门诊； 发展具有突出西方特色的康复门诊、老年门诊、敬老院、临终关怀门诊等医疗机构。
发展具有民族医药特色的健康服务
支持民族医学特色本科课程建设。 支持有条件的市级以上藏族、蒙古族、维吾尔族、傣族、朝鲜族、壮族、哈萨克族等民族自治地方建立少数民族附属医院。 规范民族医药卫生服务技术开发，在基层医疗卫生服务机构推广应用。
（三）支持发展西医特色康复服务。
推动具有西医特色的康复服务机构发展。 根据康复服务资源配置需要，各地正在规划建设具有西医特色的康复门诊和疗养院，加强西医门诊康复科室建设。 鼓励社会资本举办具有西医特色的康复服务机构。
拓展西医康复服务能力。 推动西医技术与康复医学融合，建立康复服务标准规范。 推动各级各类医疗机构举办具有西医特色的康复医疗、培训指导、知识普及、康复护理、辅助器具服务。 建立市级西医门诊与社区康复机构单向转移机制，在社区康复机构推广适合的西医康复技术，提高社区康复服务能力和水平，让群众享受规范、便捷、有效的西医服务特色康复附近即成。
专栏3 西医特色康复服务能力建设项目
西医特色康复服务能力建设
按照区域卫生规划，加强西医特色康复门诊和西医门诊康复科服务能力建设。 支持市西医门诊指导社区卫生服务中心、乡镇卫生院、残疾人康复中心、工伤康复中心、民政康复机构、特殊教育中学等机构开展具有西医特色的社区康复服务.
（四）积极发展中医药保健服务。
发展具有中医药特色的养老机构。 鼓励建设以中医药保健养老为主的养老院、疗养院。 有条件的养老机构设立西医门诊，以预防老年病和慢性病为主。 推动西医门诊、养老院、康复机构合作。
推进中医药与养老服务相结合。 二级以上西医门诊开设老年科，减少老年病床位，开展老年病和慢性病预防及康复护理，为老年人就医提供优惠服务。 支持养老机构开展融合西医特色健康管理的老年人保健、医疗、康复、护理服务。 符合条件的西医门诊提供社区和居家中医健康养老服务，建立老年人健康档案，完善医疗合同服务关系，提供急诊就诊、健康检查、保健咨询等服务。
专栏4 中医健康养老服务试点
中医与养老服务相结合
开展中医与养老服务结合试点中医养生保健，探索中医与养老服务结合的主要模式和内容。 包括：发展新型中医养生保健机构，重点抓好转型改革和社会资本投入新建，筹建以中医养生保健为主的养老院、疗养院； 探索西医门诊与养老机构合作新模式，拓展社区和居家中医健康养老服务。 创新西医老年健康管理，研发多元化、多层次的中医健康管理服务包，发展新型养老服务业态。 培养中医健康养老人才，依托高校和中医医疗预防保健机构建立中医健康养老服务实训基地，加强老年管家中医相关技能培训职员。
（五）培育发展中医药文化和健康旅游产业。
发展中医药文化产业。 挖掘中医药文化资源，优化中医药文化产业结构。 打造科学准确、通俗易懂、贴近生活的中医文化科普创意产品和文化精品。 发展数字出版、移动多媒体、动漫等新兴文化业态，培育知名品牌和企业，逐步形成中医药文化产业链。 按照《中国公民西医保健质量》开展健康教育。 将中医知识纳入基础教育。 借助海外中华文化中心、中医药孔子大学等平台中医养生保健，推动中医药文化国际传播。
发展中医药养生旅游。 借助西医机构、中药企业、名胜古迹、博物馆、中华老字号名店、中药材繁育基地、药用动物园、药用辅食博物馆等资源，旅游开发具有中药特色的路线。 建设一批以中医药为特色的旅游小镇、度假区、文化街、主题餐厅，打造一批本草科技农业、名贵中药材种植、田园生态休闲相结合的养生体验和观赏基地旅游。 开发中医药特色旅游产品，打造中医药养生旅游品牌。 支持举办代表性强、发展潜力大、满足人民群众健康需求的中医药健康服务展览会。
专栏5 中医药文化与健康旅游产业发展项目
中医药文化公共设施建设
加强中医药文化全媒体传播和监督评价。 建设一批中医药文化普及宣传教育基地。 依托现有景区设施，引入中医养生理念，推出一批集养生知识普及、养生保健体验、养生娱乐为一体的中医文化主题公园。
中医药文化大众传播项目
推动西医和西医中国行活动。 通过中医药科普周、主题文化节、知识技能竞赛、中医药文化科普旅游等多种方式，提高西医公共卫生和保健质量。 建设中医药文化科普队伍，深入研究、挖掘、创作中医药文化艺术作品，组织开展中医药非物质文化遗产宣传传播工作。
中医药养生旅游示范区建设
充分发挥中医养生旅游资源优势，整合区域内医疗机构、中医养生机构、保健品生产企业等资源，引进社会力量，打造以西医为主体的养生服务业，集中药材养殖、中医医疗服务、中医养生旅游示范区于一体的中医养生保健服务。
（六）积极推动中医药健康服务相关配套产业发展。
支持相关保健品的开发、生产和应用。 鼓励研发简单易用的家庭或个人健康检查、监测产品、自我保健、功能康复等器械产品。 加强校企医生深度合作，将研发与使用需求对接，提升国际竞争力。 发展中医药和健康服务产业集群，培育一批具有国际影响力的知名品牌。
促进中药材资源可持续发展。 大力实施中药材良好生产规范，扩大中药材种植和贸易。 推进中药材养殖业红色发展，推进中药材优良品种选育和无公害标准化繁育，提高中药材产业标准，加强中药材资源动态检测和保护，构建中药材追溯体系，打造精品中药材。 组织开展药材资源出口贸易状况检测调查，保护重要药材资源和生物多样性。
大力发展第三方服务。 组织开展第三方质量安全检验、检测、认证、评价等服务，培育发展第三方医疗服务认证、医疗管理服务认证等服务评价模式，构建和建立中药检验检测体系. 开展研究设计服务和成果转化服务。 充分发挥市级药品集中采购平台作用，探索发展中药电子商务。
专栏6 中医药与健康服务相关产业配套重点项目
协同创新能力建设
依托高新技术企业，建设一批中医药及健康服务产品研发创新平台，促进产品开发转化。
中药保健品开发
加强西医诊疗设备、中医瑜伽产品、中药、保健乳制品的开发，重点开发西医健康识别系统、智能西医复检系统、经络健康识别仪等西医健康鉴定与干预设备； 探索开发用于西医诊疗的便携式健康数据采集设备，与物联网、移动互联网相结合，开展手动化、智能化的中医健康信息服务。
第三方平台建设
支持发展第三方检验、检测、认证、评价和相应的咨询服务机构，组织开展质量监测、服务认证、卫生市场调研和咨询服务。 支持中医药技术转移机构组织科技成果转化。
药材资源动态检测信息化建设
提供药材资源及中药材市场动态检测信息。
（七）大力发展中医药服务贸易。
吸引海外消费在中国。 鼓励有条件的民办西医诊所设立国际诊疗部或外宾服务部，鼓励社会资本提供多元化服务模式，为境外消费者提供高端西医医疗保健服务。 全面推进中医药多层次国际教育合作，吸引更多海外高中生来华接受学位教育、非学位教育、短期培训和临床实习。 整合西医科研优势资源，为境外机构提供科研外包服务。
推动中医药健康服务走出去。 支持优秀中医药企业和医疗机构在境外开设西医诊所、连锁药店等中医药服务机构，建设和建立境外营销网络。 培育一批具有较强国际市场开拓能力的中医药服务企业或企业集团。 鼓励中医药院校到境外办学。 鼓励援外项目与中医药健康服务相结合。
专栏7 中医药服务贸易重点项目
中医药服务贸易一审
支持一批具有显着市场优势和发展前景的中医药服务贸易重点项目，建设一批特色突出、能起到带动辐射作用的中医药服务贸易骨干企业（机构），打造一批中医药服务贸易骨干企业（机构）。综合实力雄厚，具有国际影响力的中医药服务贸易重点领域，实力突出。 发展中医药、医疗保健、教育培训、科技研发等服务贸易，开拓国际市场。
中医药参与“一带一路”建设
选择可持续发展项目，与丝绸之路经济带、21世纪海上丝绸之路沿线国家开展中医药交流合作，提升中医药健康服务国际影响力。
民族医药健康产业园
以丝绸之路经济带、中国-东盟（10+1）、澜沧江-湄公河对话合作机制、大湄公河次区域等区域和次区域合作机制为平台，建设沿边民族医药产业园区，提升民族医疗、健康养生、健康旅游、服务贸易等服务能力，增强民族医药及相关产品开发制造能力。
三、完善新政
(1) Relaxation of market access. All Chinese medicine and health service fields that are not explicitly prohibited by laws and regulations must be opened to social capital, and the open areas will continue to expand; all Chinese medicine and health service fields that are open to local capital must be opened to capital from other provinces. For traditional Western medicine hospitals and outpatient departments that only provide traditional Chinese medicine services held by social capital, there are no layout restrictions for the establishment of medical institutions and regional health development plans. Personnel skilled in traditional Chinese medicine who have obtained a rural doctor's practice certificate are allowed to set up traditional western medicine hospitals in towns and villages that only provide approved traditional western medicine diagnosis and treatment services.
(2) Strengthen land use guarantee. Based on the overall planning and urban and rural planning of agricultural land, all localities shall take into account the development needs of traditional Chinese medicine health services, expand the supply of land for traditional Chinese medicine health services, and give priority to securing land for non-profit traditional Chinese medicine health service institutions. In the process of urbanization, priority should be given to arranging agricultural land to meet the development needs of TCM health service institutions. Configure traditional Chinese medicine health service places and facilities in accordance with relevant regulations. Support the establishment of traditional Chinese medicine health service institutions with the help of existing real estate and original farmland acquired by means of allocation. For traditional Chinese medicine health service projects that have been in continuous operation for more than one year and conform to the allocated land catalog, farmland can be allocated according to regulations to handle land use procedures; If the land allocation conditions are not met, the land use procedures can be handled in the form of contract transfer.
(3) Strengthen investment and financing guidance. The government guides and promotes the establishment of a health industry investment fund jointly funded by financial and industrial capital, and coordinates and supports TCM health service projects. Broaden the financing channels for the development of Chinese medicine health service institutions and related industries, encourage social capital investment and operation of Chinese medicine health service projects, and give priority to social capital for new projects. Encourage traditional Chinese medicine enterprises to raise funds by issuing non-financial corporate debt financing instruments registered with the China Construction Bank Interbank Market Chamber of Commerce. Actively support qualified traditional Chinese medicine health service companies to go public for financing and issue convertible bonds. Support and develop Chinese medicine health service venture capital enterprises, standardize the development of equity investment enterprises. Strengthen the foreign exchange management support for the service trade of traditional Chinese medicine, and promote the facilitation of customs clearance. Encourage various venture capital institutions and financing guarantee institutions to conduct business with innovative new formats and small and micro enterprises in the field of traditional Chinese medicine and health services.
(4) Establish a new policy on fiscal and taxation prices. Qualified non-public western medical institutions that provide basic medical and health services to undertake public health service tasks can obtain financial subsidies according to regulations, and their undergraduate construction, equipment purchase, and personnel training can be supported by the government at the same level. Strengthen scientific and technological support and guide the development and industrialization of key technologies. For those who attend relevant vocational training and vocational skill identification, those who meet the conditions will be given subsidies according to regulations. Donations made by enterprises and individuals to non-profit Western medical institutions through public welfare social organizations or people's governments at or above the municipal level and their departments shall be paid after tax in accordance with the tax law and relevant new tax policies. Establish a price generation mechanism for traditional Chinese medicine, and implement market-adjusted prices for medical service prices in non-public-owned Western medicine medical institutions.
4. Guarantee measures
(1) Strengthen organization and implementation. All regions and relevant departments should attach great importance to the development of traditional Chinese medicine and health services, coordinate overall planning, increase investment, and create a good development environment. The Bureau of Traditional Chinese Medicine should play a leading role in formulating the implementation plan of this plan, and work with relevant departments to study and solve important problems in the implementation of the plan in a timely manner, and strengthen the inspection and evaluation of the implementation of the plan. Development and reform, finance, civil affairs, human resources and social security, commerce, culture, health and family planning, tourism and other departments should perform their respective duties and solidly promote the implementation of this plan. All regions shall, according to this plan and in light of actual conditions, formulate a development plan for traditional Chinese medicine health services in their region, refine the new policy measures, and earnestly implement them.
(2) Give full play to the role of industry organizations. All regions and relevant departments should support the establishment of TCM health service industry organizations, entrust or transfer responsibilities suitable for industry organizations to industry organizations through administrative authorization, purchase of services, etc., and strengthen service supervision. Give play to the important role of industry organizations in industry consultation, standard formulation, industry self-discipline, talent training, and third-party evaluation.
(3) Establishing standards and supervision. Focusing on standardizing service behavior, improving service quality, and improving service level, promote the formulation and revision of traditional Chinese medicine health service norms and standards. For areas where standardization cannot be implemented for the time being, formulate and implement service commitments, conventions, and norms. Build a standard online announcement system, and give full play to the role of standards in promoting and supporting the development of traditional Chinese medicine health services.
Construct and improve the supervision mechanism of traditional Chinese medicine health services, implement localized management, focus on the supervision of service quality, and severely crack down on violations. Build a bad practice record system, include the integrity management and practice of traditional Chinese medicine health service institutions and their employees in the unified credit information platform, and guide industry self-discipline. Introduce a certification system in the field of Chinese medicine health services, and promote the application of Chinese medicine health service standards through the development of standardized and professional third-party certification, providing technical guarantee and support for government supervision.
Column 8 Standardization Project of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Health Services
Formulation of Chinese Medicine Health Service Standards
Formulate standards for TCM health service institutions, personnel, services, and technical products, and establish a TCM health service standard system. Promote the internationalization of TCM health service standards. Build a standard announcement system for traditional Chinese medicine and health services, and strengthen the regular reporting, evaluation and release of testing information.
Application and promotion of Chinese medicine health service standards
Relying on traditional Chinese medicine institutions, strengthen the application and promotion of traditional Chinese medicine health service standards. Give full play to the role of social organizations such as Chinese medicine academic organizations and industry chambers of commerce, and adopt various methods to organize training on the application and promotion of Chinese medicine standards for professional and technical personnel, so as to promote the effective implementation of Chinese medicine standards.
Statistical System Construction of Traditional Chinese Medicine Service Trade
Formulate statistical methods and statistical systems that conform to the characteristics of traditional Chinese medicine, and establish a mechanism for reporting and publishing statistical information.
(4) Promoting personnel training. Promote the establishment of health management and other TCM health service-related majors in colleges and universities, expand the post settings for technical and skilled personnel in TCM health service services, and gradually improve related occupations (types of work) in the TCM health service field. Promote industry-university-research cooperation in running schools, and focus on cultivating talents in shortage of Western medicine clinical skills and traditional Chinese medicine technical skills such as Western medicine health care and health care. Standardize and promote the training of health service practitioners with knowledge and skills of traditional Chinese medicine, explore and train compound talents such as traditional Chinese medicine health tourism, traditional Chinese medicine science promotion, and traditional Chinese medicine service trade, promote the development of traditional Chinese medicine health services and implement new policies related to employment and entrepreneurship Tight connection.
Reform the management methods of professional qualification certification of Chinese medicine health service personnel, promote industry chambers of commerce and societies to orderly undertake the specific work of professional qualification certification for the evaluation of Chinese medicine health service levels, and improve the vocational skill identification system that adapts to the development of Chinese medicine health services. Promote the "dual certificate" system of vocational education diplomas and vocational qualification certificates, and prepare for the establishment of vocational skills identification centers (stations) in qualified vocational colleges.
Column 9 Human resources construction project of Chinese medicine health service
Education and training on advantages and characteristics of traditional Chinese medicine
Relying on the existing Chinese medicine education resources, strengthen the education and training of Chinese medicine health services, and cultivate a group of leading (reserve) talents, backbone talents and teachers in related fields of Chinese medicine health services.
Construction of Identification System for Vocational Skills Training in Traditional Chinese Medicine
Broaden the post setting for technical and skilled personnel in traditional Chinese medicine health services, formulate vocational skills standards for training specific types of work in the traditional Chinese medicine industry, strengthen training for unique types of work in the traditional Chinese medicine industry, and urge industry chambers of commerce and societies to orderly undertake professional qualification certification for the evaluation of the level of traditional Chinese medicine health services specific work.
(5) Create a good atmosphere. Strengthen the guidance of public opinion, and create a social atmosphere in which the whole society respects and protects traditional knowledge of traditional Chinese medicine, and values and promotes health. Support radio, television, newspapers, Internet and other media to set up special program columns and layouts, and hold traditional Chinese medicine cultural propaganda and knowledge popularization activities. Inherit the concept of great medical sincerity, strengthen the construction of professional ethics, and continuously improve the professional quality of employees. To carry out the publicity of TCM health care knowledge, it is necessary to hire TCM professionals, follow the relevant state regulations, and adhere to the scientific spirit. No organization or individual may make false or exaggerated publicity on TCM, and shall not seek illegitimate benefits in the name of TCM. Severely crack down on illegal practice of medicine and false publicity of herbal medicines, health milk products, medical institutions and other violations of laws and regulations in accordance with the law.
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Notice of the General Office of the State Council on Printing and Distributing the Development Plan for Traditional Chinese Medicine and Health Services (2015-2020)
